1. Many diseases have been connected to deficiencies of vitamin D in both children and adults. Usually, a blood test is performed to check the levels of vitamin D, and if they are normal or deficient. This test is performed under the supervision of a general physician.
2. Vitamin D and pregnancy outcomes are closely associated. Fulfill the needs to get the best results on the baby’s birth.
3. Intake of vitamin D is important for the proper immune response. 
4. Those women, who wear a burka or hijab, get little sun exposure. Because of this, they produce little vitamin D and are advised to fulfill it through supplements.
5. The infant’s levels of vitamin D are almost the same as the mother’s. So, if the mother’s vitamin D levels are low at the time of conception, the baby will also be low in vitamin D after birth.

The effects of low vitamin D and pregnancy can be turned to the positive side simply by taking up a few recommendations. Here are some effective strategies presented;

1. The majority of women who don’t receive sufficient sun exposure have low vitamin D levels. So, women should try to expose their skin to the sun and, if needed, take a vitamin D supplement to avoid developing low vitamin D levels.
2. If you are or were vitamin D deficient when pregnant, continue taking vitamin D supplements for an additional 3-6 months following the birth of your child. It should particularly be done when you plan to breastfeed.
3. If your baby needs vitamin D supplements, talk to your doctor or midwife about it. Don’t stop giving your baby the vitamin D supplement until you’ve negotiated with your physician about it.
4. Throughout pregnancy and breastfeeding, you are encouraged to increase your sun exposure and take more vitamin D. Take a follow-up blood test after 2 to 3 months of treatment to confirm that the vitamin D levels are normal or reduced.

The details below estimate how long you should expose your skin to the sun each day to produce enough vitamin D. 

For Fair Skin: In Summer sun exposure should be 10 minutes. In spring it should be 20 minutes and in winter it should be 30 minutes long. 

For Dark Complexion: In summer sun exposure should be 30 minutes. In spring it should be 60 minutes, and in winter it should be 90 minutes long. 

For both skin types, the exposed body parts should be the arms, hands, and face. Follow these vitamin D and pregnancy guidelines to ensure effective outcomes on delivery.

Both mother and child need vitamin D which is crucial. Throughout pregnancy and breastfeeding, you ought to ensure that levels of vitamin D are within normal limits. Vitamin D deficiencies are typical in expectant mothers. 

Women who don’t get enough vitamin D run the risk of developing brittle and weaker bones. In cases of severe shortage, muscles might become painful and sluggish.

Rickets can develop in kids who have very low vitamin D levels. It can be really dangerous. Because of abnormal bone development, the child has a short height and has bowed legs. When the blood calcium levels become extremely low, it may cause a child to have seizures. 

Some symptoms of vitamin D deficiency in children are;

• Poor growth
• Large forehead
• Large abdomen
• Bowed legs
• Wide joints of elbows and wrists
• Odd shaped ribs

Pregnant women who have been diagnosed with a vitamin D deficiency should have their levels monitored regularly. It aims to ensure that they are responding to treatment and that their levels are not getting too high. As both deficiency and excess can be disastrous.